TWGFD

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The ubiquitin-mediated ubiquitination pathway is the post-translational modification pathway of eukaryotic proteins. Studies have demonstrated that the pathway is involved in the cell cycles of higher plants, stress resistance, signal transduction, apoptosis, optical signal and other physiological pathways. The E3 ubiquitin ligases are the largest family among all three enzymes and are classified into different families based on their structure, function, and substrate specificity. The RING/U-box E3 ligase can act as a single component and transfer ubiquitin to a target protein directly, whereas Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are multi-component and work with the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) complex. They mediate the transfer of the ubiquitin protein to the substrate directly or by generating an intermediate complex (E3 and ubiquitin).